Adult Mens and Womens Shoe Size Conversion Table
M/W indicates Men’s or Women’s Sizes. Other systems are for either gender.
Source: International Shoe Size Conversion Charts/Converter Tables for Shoes Sizes
Tuesday, 5 July 2011
Tuesday, 29 June 2010
Region Coding for DVD Player
What Are Regional CodesDVD discs contain Regional Codes which can be used to prevent the playback of certain discs depending upon the geographical area it is played in. The various studios and home video companies lobbied to make sure this coding system was a required part of the current DVD standards, because they wish to control how their DVD titles are exported to other countries. (For example, while a recent film may already have played theatrically in the United States and been released to the home video market, that same film may not yet have opened in some European or Asian countries.) In most instances, discs manufactured in one region will usually only play on players that were manufactured in that same region - this means that discs bought or imported from Japan will not play on U.S. players, and vice versa. However, the regional coding system is entirely optional, and discs without Regional Codes will play on any player in any country.
DVD Region Breakdown
How To Tell How A Disc Is CodedThe Region Code is usually specified on the back of the individual DVD packages, either with a Regional Coding logo of a globe with the region number superimposed over it, or specifically spelled out. For example, while currently-released New Line and Warner DVD titles use the globe logo & number scheme, MGM/UA titles state: "This disc has been encoded for Region 1: The United States, U.S. Territories and Canada." In the cast of Lumivision's discs, they are labelled "Available worldwide," which means that the discs contain no regional coding and will play on any player in any country. |
Wednesday, 23 June 2010
Thursday, 20 May 2010
Kereta Honda Stream ini dibeli sebagai used car pada 19 may 2010 di Leicester England dgn harga £5150 ( harga asal £5500).Kereta ni termasuk aku dah 3 owner....
1st owner adalah company dan 2nd owner adalah india dentist.
Milage pada masa diambil adalah 46,925 miles.
Tahun 2004..
Anti theft radio
Code : 62543
DCPE001911EW.
Wednesday, 19 May 2010
Flat kereta diUK
M - 94
N - 95/96
P - 95/96
R - 96/97
S - 97/98
T - 98/99
V - 99
W - 2000
X - 2000
Y - 2001
51 - BLN 6 ~ 12 2001
51 - BLN REG 2002 (BLN 1 ~ 3)
02 - BLN 1 ~ 6 YEAR 2002
52 - BLN 6 ~ 12 YEAR 2002
03 - BLN 1 ~ 6 YEAR 2003
53 - BLN 6 ~ 12 YEAR 2003
SAMPAI
N - 95/96
P - 95/96
R - 96/97
S - 97/98
T - 98/99
V - 99
W - 2000
X - 2000
Y - 2001
51 - BLN 6 ~ 12 2001
51 - BLN REG 2002 (BLN 1 ~ 3)
02 - BLN 1 ~ 6 YEAR 2002
52 - BLN 6 ~ 12 YEAR 2002
03 - BLN 1 ~ 6 YEAR 2003
53 - BLN 6 ~ 12 YEAR 2003
SAMPAI
Saturday, 27 March 2010
Electric Calculation 2
Meditations on Speaker Impedance ("OHMmmmmmmmm")
One source of confusion we frequently run across is the concept of speaker impedance. This confusion is also a likely cause of many blown power amplifiers. This article is intended to explain the meaning of speaker impedance and guide the reader in connecting multiple speakers to an amplifier.
What are ohms, anyway?
Short answer: The ohm is the unit of measure for impedance, which is the property of a speaker that restricts the flow of electrical current through it. Typical speakers have impedance ratings of 4 ohms, 8 ohms or 16 ohms. The impedance of a speaker is a physical property that (ideally) does not change value, although from an engineering standpoint, there are many complex characteristics that make up speaker impedance For this reason, the rating of a speaker is called its 'nominal' value, which pretty much means "in name only". For the average audio user, the nominal impedance is the dominant characteristic and for the purposes of this discussion, we will use the nominal value of the speaker's impedance.
Why are ohms important?
Two reasons:
(1) If you connect too many speakers to your amplifier, you risk blowing it up. You'll see why in the following explanation.
(2) Especially with tube amplifiers, but true in all amps, the amplifier will deliver maximum power (volume) to the speaker when the speaker impedance matches the internal impedance (called the OUTPUT IMPEDANCE) of the amplifier. If the speaker impedance is lower than the amplifier impedance, the amplifier will tend to overheat and more power is used up in the amplifier than is delivered to the speaker. If the speaker impedance is higher than that of the amplifier, its power output will be less than it is capable of. Impedance mismatches can also result in poor tone quality of the sound.
Understanding Ohms and Impedance:
In order to understand the reasons for the rules for speaker connection, we need a bit of electrical theory. You probably had this as a lesson in high school at some point, but were more interested in other things at the time. In order to relate it to something you are more familiar with, let's consider the ordinary garden hose. Print this off and go outside, hook up the hose (no nozzle) and turn on the water. Pretty soon, water should start flowing out the end of the hose. This flow of water through the hose is similar to electric current, which is usually described as the flow of electrons through the wire and is measured in Amperes.
Now put your thumb over the end of the hose and try to stop the flow of water. Feel the pressure? This pressure is similar to Voltage. It is the force of electricity that pushes the electrons through the wire. Notice that if you succeed in plugging the water flow, (no current) the pressure is still there. This is like an amplifier with no speakers attached, or an AC outlet with nothing plugged in. Voltage is present, but there is no current flow.
Finally, move your thumb a bit to allow some water to spray. By varying the position of your thumb, you can control how much water comes out of the hose. Your thumb is restricting the flow of water. In an electrical circuit, things that restrict or control the flow of current are said to impede current flow, and are described as having impedance. In a hose, we use a nozzle to restrict the flow. In an electrical circuit, the device that uses electrical energy and has impedance is called the LOAD.
It should be apparent by now that there is a relationship between pressure (voltage), flow (current) and restriction (impedance). Since voltage or pressure is what moves the current, increasing the voltage pressure should increase the current, assuming the resistance doesn't change. Decreasing the voltage should decrease the current. On the other hand, increasing the impedance restricting the flow of current will cause the current to decrease, like turning the nozzle toward OFF. Lowering the impedance is like opening the nozzle to allow more flow. This relationship was analyzed by a fellow by the name of George Simon Ohm a long time ago, and he identified a simple formula that is extremely important in electricity and electronics which bears his name: Ohm's Law.
Ohm's Law states: In an electrical circuit, current flow is directly proportional to voltage and inversely proportional to impedance. Mathematically, this becomes: Current (in amperes) equals voltage (in volts) divided by impedance (in ohms).
As an example, if an amplifier is producing 10 volts AC to an 8 ohm speaker, the current in the speaker will be 10 volts / 8 ohms or 1.25 amperes. If the amplifier output is increased to 20 volts to that 8 ohm speaker, the current becomes 20 Volts / 8 ohms or 2.5 amperes. So increasing the voltage increased the current. If the voltage decreases back to 10 volts, the current will decrease back to 1.25 amperes.
Now, if our amplifier with 10 volts output is connected to a 4 ohm speaker, the lower impedance will allow more current to flow. The amount will be found by 10 volts / 4 ohms = 2.5 amperes. If we use a 2 ohm speaker, even more current flows: 10V/2 ohms = 5 amperes.
Finally, if we can measure or in some other way determine the amount of current being drawn from the amplifier, we can calculate the value of the load impedance using Ohm's Law. We will use this shortly to figure out what happens when we connect several speakers to the output of an amplifier. The formula for this is: Impedance (in ohms) equals Voltage (in volts) divided by Current (in amperes).
Let's use an amplifier with banana jack terminals and connect the red terminal of the amplifier to the red or '+' terminal of an 8 ohm speaker. Also connect the black terminal of the amp to the black or '-' terminal of the speaker. If you feed a pure tone through the amp so that it delivers 10 volts to the speaker, the current flow through the speaker (as we saw above) should be 1.25 amperes.
Next, let's connect another 8 ohm speaker to the amplifier terminals in the same way, so you have two wires from the amp's red terminal going to the '+' terminals of the speakers, and two wires from the amp's black terminal to the speaker '-' terminals. This is called a PARALLEL connection, because of the way it looks in an electrical schematic diagram.
The first thing to understand is that the voltage output from the amplifier does not change. (OK, in reality, it might drop just a hair, but for this discussion let's assume a perfect amplifier.) So it's still 10 volts AC. And since each speaker is connected directly to the amp's output terminals, each speaker will receive 10 volts from the amplifier. As we saw earlier, if 10 volts is applied to an 8 ohm speaker, it will draw a current of 1.25 amperes from the amplifier. And if each speaker needs 1.25 amperes, then the amplifier must supply a total of 2.5 amperes to the two speakers. If you add a third speaker, it will also draw another 1.25 amperes, (total 3.75 amperes) as will a fourth (which would total 5 amperes). If you keep adding speakers, at some point the speakers will demand more current than the amplifier can deliver, and it gives up its smoke and dies. Too many loads is an overload. (See importance #1, above.)
Now, we are ready for impedance. As we said earlier, if you know the voltage and can figure the total current, you can calculate the total impedance of all the speakers together. A single speaker is simple: 10 volts divided by 1.25 amperes equals 8 ohms. Remember that two 8 ohm speakers would draw a total of 2.5 amperes from a 10 volt output. So 10 volts divided by 2.5 amperes equals 4 ohms. Notice that adding a speaker in parallel DECREASED the total impedance. What about 3 speakers that draw 3.75 amperes? 10 volts divided by 3.75 amperes equals 2.67 ohms. Four speakers that draw 5 amperes from a 10 volt source have a total impedance of 10 volts divided by 5 amperes which equals 2 ohms. As more speakers are added, more current is required from the 10 volt source, so there must be less total restriction of current. So the first thing to conclude is that ADDING SPEAKERS DECREASES THE TOTAL OHMS IMPEDANCE.
Well, what if the speakers have different impedances? Like an 8 ohm cabinet and a 4 ohm cabinet? The same method can be used. To make it simpler, remember that impedance was a physical property that doesn't depend on the voltage. The speaker has the same impedance whether the source is 10 volts or 1 volt. So let's use 1 volt to make it simpler. The 8 ohm cabinet would draw 1V/8 ohms or 0.125 amperes. The 4 ohm cabinet would draw 1V/4 ohms or 0.250 amperes. Both together draw 0.375 amperes. Total impedance is 1V/0.375 amperes, or 2.67 ohms. (Notice that the total is less than the lowest value speaker.)
A 4 ohm, an 8 ohm and a 16 ohm cabinet all connected to the same amplifier (1V out) would draw currents of 1/4, 1/8 and 1/16 amperes, for a total current of 0.4375 amperes. Impedance is 1/0.4375, or 2.286 ohms. (Using a calculator with a 1/x key makes this really simple. Key in: 4 (1/x) + 8 (1/x) + 16 (1/x), =, (1/x) and read the answer.)
While the calculations may seem complicated, examination of the results above reveals some patterns that make things much easier.
First, if all speakers (or cabinets) have the same impedance ratings, the total impedance can be found by using the impedance value of one speaker and dividing that by the total number of speakers. If you go back to our example of 8 ohm speakers, we found that a single speaker had a total impedance of 8 ohms (duh....), two 8-ohm speakers had a total impedance of 4 ohms (8/2); three speakers had a total impedance of 8/3 ohms, or 2.67 ohms, and 4 speakers totaled 8/4 or 2 ohms. (What happens with 5, 6, or more speakers?)*
Second, the 2:1 relationship between typical speaker impedance ratings allows for some equivalents when mixing different ratings. A single 4 ohm speaker is the equivalent of two 8 ohm speakers in parallel. So a 4 ohm speaker combined with an 8 ohm speaker would have the same total impedance as three 8 ohm speakers in parallel. (See if you can figure out the equivalents for a 4, 8 and 16 ohm speaker combination.)*
So, if you see a speaker jack labeled "Minimum Load 4 ohms", that means you can connect up to two 8 ohm speakers or a single 4 ohm speaker to that jack. (What if the jack label says "Minimum 2 ohms"?)*
If you are mixing speakers with different impedance ratings, be sure to check the total impedance using the rules above to be certain the total is greater than the minimum value, or you risk overloading and burning up the amplifier.
So, how do you tell what the impedance of a speaker is? On most cabinets, it should be printed on a label next to the jack. If the speaker is visible, it may be printed on the speaker label or stamped on the frame or magnet. To measure the true impedance of a speaker or cabinet requires a rather complex procedure involving signal generators, power amplifiers and high frequency AC voltmeters. However, with raw speakers and many cabinets, the ohmmeter function of a digital multimeter can help you identify what the impedance of the speaker should be. Generally, the reading given by an ohmmeter will be about 2/3 to 3/4 of the impedance of the speaker. So, a 4 ohm speaker will typically measure about 2.5 - 3 ohms, and an 8 ohm speaker will typically read about 5-6 ohms, while a 16 ohm speaker will measure around 12 ohms.
Another thing.... As a general rule, all speaker jack connections are considered parallel connections and will follow the above rules. So if you run a cable from the amp to a speaker that has two jacks, and run another cable from the second jack on the first speaker to a second speaker, it is still a parallel connection.
Final note: The rules above are only intended for speaker cabinets connected to an amplifier output. If you are working inside a cabinet, there's a lot more to know, including series and series-parallel connections. This article doesn't equip you for cabinet wiring!
Sorce : Speaker
One source of confusion we frequently run across is the concept of speaker impedance. This confusion is also a likely cause of many blown power amplifiers. This article is intended to explain the meaning of speaker impedance and guide the reader in connecting multiple speakers to an amplifier.
What are ohms, anyway?
Short answer: The ohm is the unit of measure for impedance, which is the property of a speaker that restricts the flow of electrical current through it. Typical speakers have impedance ratings of 4 ohms, 8 ohms or 16 ohms. The impedance of a speaker is a physical property that (ideally) does not change value, although from an engineering standpoint, there are many complex characteristics that make up speaker impedance For this reason, the rating of a speaker is called its 'nominal' value, which pretty much means "in name only". For the average audio user, the nominal impedance is the dominant characteristic and for the purposes of this discussion, we will use the nominal value of the speaker's impedance.
Why are ohms important?
Two reasons:
(1) If you connect too many speakers to your amplifier, you risk blowing it up. You'll see why in the following explanation.
(2) Especially with tube amplifiers, but true in all amps, the amplifier will deliver maximum power (volume) to the speaker when the speaker impedance matches the internal impedance (called the OUTPUT IMPEDANCE) of the amplifier. If the speaker impedance is lower than the amplifier impedance, the amplifier will tend to overheat and more power is used up in the amplifier than is delivered to the speaker. If the speaker impedance is higher than that of the amplifier, its power output will be less than it is capable of. Impedance mismatches can also result in poor tone quality of the sound.
Understanding Ohms and Impedance:
In order to understand the reasons for the rules for speaker connection, we need a bit of electrical theory. You probably had this as a lesson in high school at some point, but were more interested in other things at the time. In order to relate it to something you are more familiar with, let's consider the ordinary garden hose. Print this off and go outside, hook up the hose (no nozzle) and turn on the water. Pretty soon, water should start flowing out the end of the hose. This flow of water through the hose is similar to electric current, which is usually described as the flow of electrons through the wire and is measured in Amperes.
Now put your thumb over the end of the hose and try to stop the flow of water. Feel the pressure? This pressure is similar to Voltage. It is the force of electricity that pushes the electrons through the wire. Notice that if you succeed in plugging the water flow, (no current) the pressure is still there. This is like an amplifier with no speakers attached, or an AC outlet with nothing plugged in. Voltage is present, but there is no current flow.
Finally, move your thumb a bit to allow some water to spray. By varying the position of your thumb, you can control how much water comes out of the hose. Your thumb is restricting the flow of water. In an electrical circuit, things that restrict or control the flow of current are said to impede current flow, and are described as having impedance. In a hose, we use a nozzle to restrict the flow. In an electrical circuit, the device that uses electrical energy and has impedance is called the LOAD.
It should be apparent by now that there is a relationship between pressure (voltage), flow (current) and restriction (impedance). Since voltage or pressure is what moves the current, increasing the voltage pressure should increase the current, assuming the resistance doesn't change. Decreasing the voltage should decrease the current. On the other hand, increasing the impedance restricting the flow of current will cause the current to decrease, like turning the nozzle toward OFF. Lowering the impedance is like opening the nozzle to allow more flow. This relationship was analyzed by a fellow by the name of George Simon Ohm a long time ago, and he identified a simple formula that is extremely important in electricity and electronics which bears his name: Ohm's Law.
Ohm's Law states: In an electrical circuit, current flow is directly proportional to voltage and inversely proportional to impedance. Mathematically, this becomes: Current (in amperes) equals voltage (in volts) divided by impedance (in ohms).
As an example, if an amplifier is producing 10 volts AC to an 8 ohm speaker, the current in the speaker will be 10 volts / 8 ohms or 1.25 amperes. If the amplifier output is increased to 20 volts to that 8 ohm speaker, the current becomes 20 Volts / 8 ohms or 2.5 amperes. So increasing the voltage increased the current. If the voltage decreases back to 10 volts, the current will decrease back to 1.25 amperes.
Now, if our amplifier with 10 volts output is connected to a 4 ohm speaker, the lower impedance will allow more current to flow. The amount will be found by 10 volts / 4 ohms = 2.5 amperes. If we use a 2 ohm speaker, even more current flows: 10V/2 ohms = 5 amperes.
Finally, if we can measure or in some other way determine the amount of current being drawn from the amplifier, we can calculate the value of the load impedance using Ohm's Law. We will use this shortly to figure out what happens when we connect several speakers to the output of an amplifier. The formula for this is: Impedance (in ohms) equals Voltage (in volts) divided by Current (in amperes).
Let's use an amplifier with banana jack terminals and connect the red terminal of the amplifier to the red or '+' terminal of an 8 ohm speaker. Also connect the black terminal of the amp to the black or '-' terminal of the speaker. If you feed a pure tone through the amp so that it delivers 10 volts to the speaker, the current flow through the speaker (as we saw above) should be 1.25 amperes.
Next, let's connect another 8 ohm speaker to the amplifier terminals in the same way, so you have two wires from the amp's red terminal going to the '+' terminals of the speakers, and two wires from the amp's black terminal to the speaker '-' terminals. This is called a PARALLEL connection, because of the way it looks in an electrical schematic diagram.
The first thing to understand is that the voltage output from the amplifier does not change. (OK, in reality, it might drop just a hair, but for this discussion let's assume a perfect amplifier.) So it's still 10 volts AC. And since each speaker is connected directly to the amp's output terminals, each speaker will receive 10 volts from the amplifier. As we saw earlier, if 10 volts is applied to an 8 ohm speaker, it will draw a current of 1.25 amperes from the amplifier. And if each speaker needs 1.25 amperes, then the amplifier must supply a total of 2.5 amperes to the two speakers. If you add a third speaker, it will also draw another 1.25 amperes, (total 3.75 amperes) as will a fourth (which would total 5 amperes). If you keep adding speakers, at some point the speakers will demand more current than the amplifier can deliver, and it gives up its smoke and dies. Too many loads is an overload. (See importance #1, above.)
Now, we are ready for impedance. As we said earlier, if you know the voltage and can figure the total current, you can calculate the total impedance of all the speakers together. A single speaker is simple: 10 volts divided by 1.25 amperes equals 8 ohms. Remember that two 8 ohm speakers would draw a total of 2.5 amperes from a 10 volt output. So 10 volts divided by 2.5 amperes equals 4 ohms. Notice that adding a speaker in parallel DECREASED the total impedance. What about 3 speakers that draw 3.75 amperes? 10 volts divided by 3.75 amperes equals 2.67 ohms. Four speakers that draw 5 amperes from a 10 volt source have a total impedance of 10 volts divided by 5 amperes which equals 2 ohms. As more speakers are added, more current is required from the 10 volt source, so there must be less total restriction of current. So the first thing to conclude is that ADDING SPEAKERS DECREASES THE TOTAL OHMS IMPEDANCE.
Well, what if the speakers have different impedances? Like an 8 ohm cabinet and a 4 ohm cabinet? The same method can be used. To make it simpler, remember that impedance was a physical property that doesn't depend on the voltage. The speaker has the same impedance whether the source is 10 volts or 1 volt. So let's use 1 volt to make it simpler. The 8 ohm cabinet would draw 1V/8 ohms or 0.125 amperes. The 4 ohm cabinet would draw 1V/4 ohms or 0.250 amperes. Both together draw 0.375 amperes. Total impedance is 1V/0.375 amperes, or 2.67 ohms. (Notice that the total is less than the lowest value speaker.)
A 4 ohm, an 8 ohm and a 16 ohm cabinet all connected to the same amplifier (1V out) would draw currents of 1/4, 1/8 and 1/16 amperes, for a total current of 0.4375 amperes. Impedance is 1/0.4375, or 2.286 ohms. (Using a calculator with a 1/x key makes this really simple. Key in: 4 (1/x) + 8 (1/x) + 16 (1/x), =, (1/x) and read the answer.)
While the calculations may seem complicated, examination of the results above reveals some patterns that make things much easier.
First, if all speakers (or cabinets) have the same impedance ratings, the total impedance can be found by using the impedance value of one speaker and dividing that by the total number of speakers. If you go back to our example of 8 ohm speakers, we found that a single speaker had a total impedance of 8 ohms (duh....), two 8-ohm speakers had a total impedance of 4 ohms (8/2); three speakers had a total impedance of 8/3 ohms, or 2.67 ohms, and 4 speakers totaled 8/4 or 2 ohms. (What happens with 5, 6, or more speakers?)*
Second, the 2:1 relationship between typical speaker impedance ratings allows for some equivalents when mixing different ratings. A single 4 ohm speaker is the equivalent of two 8 ohm speakers in parallel. So a 4 ohm speaker combined with an 8 ohm speaker would have the same total impedance as three 8 ohm speakers in parallel. (See if you can figure out the equivalents for a 4, 8 and 16 ohm speaker combination.)*
So, if you see a speaker jack labeled "Minimum Load 4 ohms", that means you can connect up to two 8 ohm speakers or a single 4 ohm speaker to that jack. (What if the jack label says "Minimum 2 ohms"?)*
If you are mixing speakers with different impedance ratings, be sure to check the total impedance using the rules above to be certain the total is greater than the minimum value, or you risk overloading and burning up the amplifier.
So, how do you tell what the impedance of a speaker is? On most cabinets, it should be printed on a label next to the jack. If the speaker is visible, it may be printed on the speaker label or stamped on the frame or magnet. To measure the true impedance of a speaker or cabinet requires a rather complex procedure involving signal generators, power amplifiers and high frequency AC voltmeters. However, with raw speakers and many cabinets, the ohmmeter function of a digital multimeter can help you identify what the impedance of the speaker should be. Generally, the reading given by an ohmmeter will be about 2/3 to 3/4 of the impedance of the speaker. So, a 4 ohm speaker will typically measure about 2.5 - 3 ohms, and an 8 ohm speaker will typically read about 5-6 ohms, while a 16 ohm speaker will measure around 12 ohms.
Another thing.... As a general rule, all speaker jack connections are considered parallel connections and will follow the above rules. So if you run a cable from the amp to a speaker that has two jacks, and run another cable from the second jack on the first speaker to a second speaker, it is still a parallel connection.
Final note: The rules above are only intended for speaker cabinets connected to an amplifier output. If you are working inside a cabinet, there's a lot more to know, including series and series-parallel connections. This article doesn't equip you for cabinet wiring!
Sorce : Speaker
Electric Calculation
here are already a couple of good answers here (and some others that are WAY off), but I'll see if I can help too.
Voltage is also called "electromotive force." Just think of that key word, "force." It's the force that drives an electric current through a circuit. It is also called "potential" because voltage is a measurement of potential energy.
A lot of times, it's helpful to compare electricity to water. Voltage would be like the water pressure, in PSI, in a garden hose.
Ampere is a measurement of current flow, the amount of electrons that are flowing through a given point in a circuit at any one time. If we compare electricity to water again, Amperes would be like the flow of water in Gallons-per-minute.
Ohms is a measurement of resistance. A higher Ohm rating means more resistance. You can think of resistance as like how narrow a water pipe is. A narrow or clogged water pipe will make it more difficult to pump water. It's kind of the same thing with electric current. Resistance is the opposition to a flow of electricity.
All these terms are used in Ohm's Law. Let's say you have a power supply with 12 volts. Ohm's Law states that Voltage divided by resistance = current. So let's say the circuit has a resistance of 2 Ohms. 12 volts divided by 2 Ohms = 6 Amperes. That will at least give a basic idea of how it fits together.
Watts is a measurement of the TOTAL available power, if we combine Voltage and Amperes. If we use water as an analogy again, you can think of Wattage as sort of like the work being done by a water turbine or wheel. It's the combined effect of the water pressure, and the water flow in GPM. Volts x Amperes = Watts.
This is a simplified explanation, and things get a little bit more complicated when you work with alternating current. But this is the basic idea.
Voltage is also called "electromotive force." Just think of that key word, "force." It's the force that drives an electric current through a circuit. It is also called "potential" because voltage is a measurement of potential energy.
A lot of times, it's helpful to compare electricity to water. Voltage would be like the water pressure, in PSI, in a garden hose.
Ampere is a measurement of current flow, the amount of electrons that are flowing through a given point in a circuit at any one time. If we compare electricity to water again, Amperes would be like the flow of water in Gallons-per-minute.
Ohms is a measurement of resistance. A higher Ohm rating means more resistance. You can think of resistance as like how narrow a water pipe is. A narrow or clogged water pipe will make it more difficult to pump water. It's kind of the same thing with electric current. Resistance is the opposition to a flow of electricity.
All these terms are used in Ohm's Law. Let's say you have a power supply with 12 volts. Ohm's Law states that Voltage divided by resistance = current. So let's say the circuit has a resistance of 2 Ohms. 12 volts divided by 2 Ohms = 6 Amperes. That will at least give a basic idea of how it fits together.
Watts is a measurement of the TOTAL available power, if we combine Voltage and Amperes. If we use water as an analogy again, you can think of Wattage as sort of like the work being done by a water turbine or wheel. It's the combined effect of the water pressure, and the water flow in GPM. Volts x Amperes = Watts.
This is a simplified explanation, and things get a little bit more complicated when you work with alternating current. But this is the basic idea.
Tuesday, 19 January 2010
Saturday, 12 December 2009
UltraSurf
Laman web UltraSurf.
Rajesh Rana..
So what exactly it is??
It is the flagship software product from UltraReach Internet Corp. for Internet anti-censorship. It enables users inside countries with heavy Internet censorship to visit any public web sites in the world safely and freely. it enables users to browse any website freely just the same as using the regular IE browser while it automatically searches the highest speed proxy servers in the background.
What does it means??
- 100% freedom to have 100% information in most secure way.
- It means no matter where you are you can access 100% free version of internet I mean no firewalls no restriction nothing….
- Almost all schools, universities and corporate offices raise firewalls to filter out not work related sites, now those firewalls will be of no use or they have to change their plans.
- Everybody can access various social networks like Orkut, Youtube, Myspace, Hi5, Facebook, Linkedin etc. which are blocked almost in 99% schools and offices.
- 100% real time and it’s encryption is better then any online banking system.
How to get going??
It’s very simple you have to just-
- download an exe file
- then extract it
- and run
- Set proxy if u have any (generally in offices internet are provided through proxies, you can find that, through tools, internet options, Connections,LAN Settings, there you are with proxy server for your LAN and it’s port
- Just copy that to proxy settings of Ultrasurf.
- Then a window will pop up, says some thing in Chinese, just close this window
- And open fresh internet explorer
- There you are, you can surf any information.
- For office people: beware don’t spread words to your colleagues keep this info as limited as you can, coz if system people got to know about it then they’ll take your comp for scrutinizing.
What is the Flip Side??
I should start with a quote that I’ve learnt in my life
“Too much freedom can Make you or it can Break you”
The flip side is that you can access to anything, I thing you got my point, In school, universities and Work office various sites are blocked to raise their efficiency and productivity, and it is very much likely that if anyone get freedom he/she will definitely try to miss use it.
[Update:02.02.2008]
Some Useful tips:
I’ve heard one thing many times that Ultra Surf is slowing down net speed or Ultra Surf is not working or something like that but after so many experience of Q&A and personal experience i’ve found that it’s not the Ultra Surf but it’s the net connection that has problemo…..
- Check your net connection remember that it needs certain level of net speed to run Ultra Surf smoothly.
- check proxy settings of Ultra Surf, when u download fresh version u need to tweak proxy settings of Ultra Surf. do that manually, also sometimes proxy setting of Ultra Surf get vanished automatically.. do check for proxy setting and feed it manually. For any kind of browser Proxy IP address is 127.0.0.1 with port :9666 and For Ultra Surf it depends upon your network.
- 8.8 is the latest one and it is the best coz when there is no net connectivity it automatically flashes a message…. it won’t hang u there for retry
- also last tip is that when net slows down or ain’t working at all, just exit Ultra Surf and re start it. instead of retry.. try exit and re start it…trust me retry is bad idea. just restart the whole thing.
[Update:10.08.2007] If you are using browser other than IE, then you have to manually change your proxy IP address to 127.0.0.1 with port :9666 of Firefox browser.
[Update:02.02.2008] For Mac Users, change your proxy IP address to 127.0.0.1 with port :9666 of Safari browser.
[Update: 17.04.2008]
By stasik : “Solution for those u can not download it at office: after work go to internet cafe, download the soft and send it urself to ur mail. Next day at work open the mail save the soft and use it. There is no need to uninstall in case u dont need it. Just delete the u.exe file and thats all.
(How come u can not download it at work from site provided but will be able to download from ur email?????)”
[Update: 21.04.2008]
Peter from Global Internet Freedom Inc. -
“While our tools (GPass/GTunnel/Freegate/Ultra Surf/FirePheonix) helped users in closed societies to access censored information on the Internet freely, the authorities in some places (like China) found a way to block us through anti-virus scanners. They just reported our software as virus or mal-ware. Some of these anti-virus companies are not responsible enough in their classification. It seems they just labeled our software as backdoor if enough people reported us that way.
In the past, we interacted with some of these anti-virus companies (including Symantec and Kaspersky), and upon close examination of our software, they reverted their signature database. But there are too many anti-virus companies for us to deal with now to clear all the record.
We are sorry for the inconvenience. But GPass/GTunnel/Freegate/Ultra Surf/FirePheonix are definitely not virus or backdoor. However, please download them from our official websites or reputable download sites such as download.com or Tucows.com, and check the digital signatures before running. In the past, in China, some evil guys added virus to our software and emailed it to many users. Please be alert and do not just run any file you download before verifying the signature or source.”
Download
For Downloading Latest Version please go through following links
Ultrasurf Download Links
Update June 29, 2009: New Version Ultrasurf 9.5
Also Read
Tuesday, 10 November 2009
Ebay Cost
Tali reket BG66 sharp.
1 pack harga malaysia (rm35) £6.21
Jual kat Ebay 1 pack = £8
Postage cost = £3
Total : £11.
Base on 3 pack..(£33)
Ebay inserting fee = £0.40
Final Value Fee (£0.99 ~ 49.99 = 9.9% base on Buy it now ) = £2.37 (£0.79/pack)
PayPal (£0 ~ 1,500 = 3.4% + £0.20) =£2.37 (£0.443/pack)
Postage = £0.42 (2nd class normal ) + £0.80 2nd class recorded.
Total cost : £4.92 -£33 = £28.08 / 3 pack = £9.36/pack - £6.21 = Untung £3.15 (RM17.80).
Cost untuk menjual diEbay adalah sekitar 10 ~ 14 % dari harga jualan.
Tips jualan : biarlah barangan ringan tetapi bernilai tinggi dari pada barangan berat tapi nilainya rendah sebab kerugian pada cost penghantaran..Ini kerana ebay dan Paypal hanya mengenakan peratus dari harga tetapi cost penghantaran tidak bergantung pada nilai barang tapi pada berat barang.
Friday, 30 October 2009
Kasut size
Kalau kasut sport:
The Japanese
Japan 25.5 ~ 26 cm
US 7.5 ~ 8
UK 7 ~ 7.5
Euro 40.5 ~ 41
Kalau kasut jalan
Japan 26 ~ 26.5 cm
US 8 ~ 8.5
UK 7.5 ~ 8
Euro 41 ~ 42SHOE SIZE CONVERSION CHART
International Shoe Size Conversion Charts/Converter Tables for Shoes Sizes
Thai Movie
Thai movie
List of Thai Movies
There are total 54 movie(s)
Thursday, 29 October 2009
Donggle
I managed to pick up the 3 (three) ZTE MF627 for just £9.99, it also came with a voucher for five free album downloads. This was using purchased from ‘3 Dongle 4 Free‘. I know they did these for free a few weeks a go, but I missed that offer.
I already had an unlimited Internet iPhone SIM card which I had spare from when I had my iPhone 3G. If you need to purchase one of these SIM card’s you can get one from eBay.
How to unlock your 3 ZTE MF627 USB Mobile broadband dongle:
Please only continue if you are using Windows XP! If you are on Vista, then this isn’t going to work.
Please only proceed if you know what you are doing!
1) Make sure that there is no sim card in the dongle.
2) Plug the dongle into the USB port on your PC/laptop, try to avoid using hubs as they could cause problems.
3) Install the drivers if you haven’t already done so, the installer should auto-run when the dongle is plugged in. If it doesn’t then start it manually from My Computer.
4) You should see the “Device is installed and ready to be used” message in your taskbar. Check in “Device Manager” to see if the device has been installed correctly.
5) Download ZTE.rar and unpack the file using WinRAR(or whatever you prefer to use).
6) Run Flash Updater, when it has found device the download button will become active. Click Download and leave it to flash, Mine took 18 minutes.
7) Do not unplug or use PC or you may break your dongle!
When it has finished it will tell you!
9) Unplug it & put in your Vodafone/T‐mobile/Orange or O2 Sim or whatever.
10) Run the auto run file and install Telstra connection manager, make sure there is no other connection manager installed, if there is then uninstall first. Depending on your type of sim you need to add the right config file for your provider.
11) Use one of the APN’s below;
For an o2 iPhone unlimited internet PAYG sim card the settings are:
Config Name = o2 iPhone PAYG
Dial Number= *99#
user = payandgo
pass= password
APN= payandgo.o2.co.uk
DNS servers= Automatic
SMTP gateway (for email): smtp.o2.co.uk
Other settings:
o2 Contract SIM:
Config Name = O2
Dial Number= *99#
user = faster
pass= password
APN= mobile.o2.co.uk
DNS servers= 193.113.200.195
DNS servers= 193.113.200.195
3 SIM:
Internet
APN: three.co.uk
IP address: Leave blank
Username: Leave Blank
Password: Leave blank
or try the following;
APN: 3internet
dial number is *99#
password: leave blank
username leave blank
BT Mobile SIM:
Internet
APN: btmobile.bt.com
IP address: 212.183.137.12
Username: bt
Password: bt
URL: http://wap.btmw.net
o2 SIM:
APN: mobile.o2.co.uk
Username: mobileweb
Password: password
Primary DNS: 192.113.200.200
Secondary DNS: 192.113.200.201
SMTP gateway (for email): smtp.o2.co.uk
Orange SIM:
APN: orangeinternet
Username: Leave blank
Password: Leave blank
Primary DNS: 193.035.131.194
SMTP gateway (for email): smtp.orange.co.uk
T-Mobile SIM:
APN: general.t-mobile.uk
Username: user
Password: pass
Primary DNS: Set automatically
SMTP gateway (for email): smtp.t-email.co.uk
Vodafone SIM:
APN: internet
Username: web
Password: web
Primary DNS: 158.043.240.004
SMTP gateway (for email): smtp.vodafone.net
I already had an unlimited Internet iPhone SIM card which I had spare from when I had my iPhone 3G. If you need to purchase one of these SIM card’s you can get one from eBay.
How to unlock your 3 ZTE MF627 USB Mobile broadband dongle:
Please only continue if you are using Windows XP! If you are on Vista, then this isn’t going to work.
Please only proceed if you know what you are doing!
1) Make sure that there is no sim card in the dongle.
2) Plug the dongle into the USB port on your PC/laptop, try to avoid using hubs as they could cause problems.
3) Install the drivers if you haven’t already done so, the installer should auto-run when the dongle is plugged in. If it doesn’t then start it manually from My Computer.
4) You should see the “Device is installed and ready to be used” message in your taskbar. Check in “Device Manager” to see if the device has been installed correctly.
5) Download ZTE.rar and unpack the file using WinRAR(or whatever you prefer to use).
6) Run Flash Updater, when it has found device the download button will become active. Click Download and leave it to flash, Mine took 18 minutes.
7) Do not unplug or use PC or you may break your dongle!
When it has finished it will tell you!
9) Unplug it & put in your Vodafone/T‐mobile/Orange or O2 Sim or whatever.
10) Run the auto run file and install Telstra connection manager, make sure there is no other connection manager installed, if there is then uninstall first. Depending on your type of sim you need to add the right config file for your provider.
11) Use one of the APN’s below;
For an o2 iPhone unlimited internet PAYG sim card the settings are:
Config Name = o2 iPhone PAYG
Dial Number= *99#
user = payandgo
pass= password
APN= payandgo.o2.co.uk
DNS servers= Automatic
SMTP gateway (for email): smtp.o2.co.uk
Other settings:
o2 Contract SIM:
Config Name = O2
Dial Number= *99#
user = faster
pass= password
APN= mobile.o2.co.uk
DNS servers= 193.113.200.195
DNS servers= 193.113.200.195
3 SIM:
Internet
APN: three.co.uk
IP address: Leave blank
Username: Leave Blank
Password: Leave blank
or try the following;
APN: 3internet
dial number is *99#
password: leave blank
username leave blank
BT Mobile SIM:
Internet
APN: btmobile.bt.com
IP address: 212.183.137.12
Username: bt
Password: bt
URL: http://wap.btmw.net
o2 SIM:
APN: mobile.o2.co.uk
Username: mobileweb
Password: password
Primary DNS: 192.113.200.200
Secondary DNS: 192.113.200.201
SMTP gateway (for email): smtp.o2.co.uk
Orange SIM:
APN: orangeinternet
Username: Leave blank
Password: Leave blank
Primary DNS: 193.035.131.194
SMTP gateway (for email): smtp.orange.co.uk
T-Mobile SIM:
APN: general.t-mobile.uk
Username: user
Password: pass
Primary DNS: Set automatically
SMTP gateway (for email): smtp.t-email.co.uk
Vodafone SIM:
APN: internet
Username: web
Password: web
Primary DNS: 158.043.240.004
SMTP gateway (for email): smtp.vodafone.net
Sunday, 13 September 2009
comparation
Lately I bought 4 tubes of shuttlecock for testing their durability, speed and also consistency oh the shuttle. I bought RCL titanium, RSL no 1 tourney , yonex AS 30 and also protech masterpiece. To me the best shuttlecock is yonex AS 30. Its speed is consistent for a very long time, most durable and hitting sound is excellent. Second is RCL titanium. RCL provide excellent durability but its speed consistency is not good as yonex. Third is protech masterpiece. Its durability is not far than RCL titanium but its speed consistency is better than RCL. The worst to me is RSL no 1 tourney. I think the shuttlecock is a bit fast and most of my friend dont like to use it.
Later, I will try sealion gold/white and also RCL titanium gold for testing.
Later, I will try sealion gold/white and also RCL titanium gold for testing.
RSL Shuttlecock
Q: Hi, I was wanting to know about purchasing about 50 dozen of RSl shuttles and if I could get them in different speeds. are you able to send different speeds. 22-Aug-09
A: Hello Dear, Thank you for your interest on our items. For the RSL shuttles, we have two speeds for buyers to choose from. They are Speed 49 and Speed 50. Speed 50 is a faster speed, while 49 is a slower one. You may let us know for how many quantity of each speed you would like to have, and so that we can arrange and proceed shipment accordingly. If you have any other questions, please feel free to let us know again. Thank you and have a nice happy day. Mariann @^_^@
Q: Dear iooho, we are a badminton club in Germany and we would like to buy 100 doz of RSL No.1 Tourney. My questions: How much does it cost (including shipping costs)? How fast can you deliver the shuttlecocks to Germany. Do you know if we have to pay additional taxes for the import in Germany? Best regards, Matthias Kylian 18-Aug-09
A: Hello Dear Matthias, Thank you for your interest on our items. Our best offer for 100 dozen of these RSL No. 1 Tourney shuttles including shipping to Germany will be GBP948.00. We can proceed the shipment of the shuttles in just 1-2 days after payment is recieved. And, it aill takes about 7 days to get to Germany. Regarding the custom duties, we used to mark all of our shipping items as a "GIFT" and value at a much lower cost than actual value. For example, for the shuttles, we may just mark it like EUR2.00/dozen, and so, for one carton box, total will be EUR100.00 as it is 50 dozen. However, we are sorry but we cannot guarantee that it will be tax free. We will just do whatever we can to help our buyer to prevent from asking for heavy taxes. Please kindly understand. By the way, if you confirm the order, please kindly let us know your Paypal email address, so that we can send you the invoice directly. Also, please advise the speed of shuttles you prefer to have, so that we can arrange the shuttles accordingly. Thank you and have a nice happy day. Mariann @^_^@
A: Hello Dear, Thank you for your interest on our items. For the RSL shuttles, we have two speeds for buyers to choose from. They are Speed 49 and Speed 50. Speed 50 is a faster speed, while 49 is a slower one. You may let us know for how many quantity of each speed you would like to have, and so that we can arrange and proceed shipment accordingly. If you have any other questions, please feel free to let us know again. Thank you and have a nice happy day. Mariann @^_^@
Q: Dear iooho, we are a badminton club in Germany and we would like to buy 100 doz of RSL No.1 Tourney. My questions: How much does it cost (including shipping costs)? How fast can you deliver the shuttlecocks to Germany. Do you know if we have to pay additional taxes for the import in Germany? Best regards, Matthias Kylian 18-Aug-09
A: Hello Dear Matthias, Thank you for your interest on our items. Our best offer for 100 dozen of these RSL No. 1 Tourney shuttles including shipping to Germany will be GBP948.00. We can proceed the shipment of the shuttles in just 1-2 days after payment is recieved. And, it aill takes about 7 days to get to Germany. Regarding the custom duties, we used to mark all of our shipping items as a "GIFT" and value at a much lower cost than actual value. For example, for the shuttles, we may just mark it like EUR2.00/dozen, and so, for one carton box, total will be EUR100.00 as it is 50 dozen. However, we are sorry but we cannot guarantee that it will be tax free. We will just do whatever we can to help our buyer to prevent from asking for heavy taxes. Please kindly understand. By the way, if you confirm the order, please kindly let us know your Paypal email address, so that we can send you the invoice directly. Also, please advise the speed of shuttles you prefer to have, so that we can arrange the shuttles accordingly. Thank you and have a nice happy day. Mariann @^_^@
Thursday, 10 September 2009
zakat simpanan pada 2009
Maybank RM50K = RM1250.00
Kalkulator Zakat pendapatan
Netwest interest : RM56.00
Maybank Interest : RM 370.00
ZAKAT SIMPANAN TAHUN 2009 = RM1250.00
PENSUCIAN SIMPANAN (INTEREST) RM 426.00
Total : RM 1700.00
Kalkulator Zakat pendapatan
Netwest interest : RM56.00
Maybank Interest : RM 370.00
ZAKAT SIMPANAN TAHUN 2009 = RM1250.00
PENSUCIAN SIMPANAN (INTEREST) RM 426.00
Total : RM 1700.00
Tuesday, 8 September 2009
Tuesday, 1 September 2009
Tanda-tanda penyakit
anda² Sakit - This is Good..!!
Risalah ini bagus untuk anda semua....... .....
Tanda-tanda sakit yang selalu kita rasakan berhubung kait dengan fungsi badan yang lain. Bacalah untuk menilai sejauh mana kesihatan diri anda :-
1. MATA (Bertindak balas dengan keadaan hati).
i) Mata menjadi merah : Hati mengandungi paras toksin yang tinggi.
Mata menjadi merah menandakan badan kita sedang dalam proses pembuangan toksin.
ii) Mata menjadi kabur : Sering berlaku pada waktu pagi. Menandakan proses penyeimbangan hati sedang berlaku.
iii) Keluar tahi mata : Fungsi hati lemah, pembuangan toksin sedang berlaku. Ini juga menunjukkan badan mengandungi asid berlebihan.
iv) Keluar air mata : Gangguan emosi yang bersangkut dengan hati atau bebanan kerja
v) Ketegangan mata dan kelopak : Tekanan perasaan kerana tidak puas hati atau bebanan yang berat.
2. HIDUNG
Hidung mempunyai hubungan rapat dengan paru-paru dan kerongkong.
i) Selesema : Proses pembuangan toksin di bahagian kerongkong. Badan mengandungi asid berlebihan (biasanya suhu badan meningkat).
ii) Hidung sumbat : Paru-paru mengandungi toksin yang berlebihan.
Proses menyeimbangkan masalah alahan hidung.
iii) Bersin
a. Proses membuang toksin di bahagian kerongkong.
b. Proses menyeimbangkan masalah alahan hidung.
3. Batuk
a. Batuk keluar kahak : Proses membuang toksin di bahagian kerongkong.
b. Batuk tanpa kahak : Paru-paru mengandungi toksin yang berlebihan. Biasanya kahak pekat keluar selepas beberapa hari memakan RG..
c. Batuk dan berasa gatal di kerongkong : Proses membuang toksin di bahagian kerongkong dan paru-paru, biasanya berlaku pada orang yang banyak merokok atau terdedah kepada udara yang tercemar.
4. KERONGKONG
i) Kerongkong kering. Proses membuang toksin sedang berlaku
di seluruh badan. Ini adalah tanda bahawa badan kita memerlukan banyak air untuk membuang toksin.
ii) Sakit kerongkong. Seperti di atas. Paras keracunan lebih serius.
5. BIBIR (Berkaitan dengan fungsi sistem penghadaman)
i) Bibir pucat
a. Sistem penghadaman yang lemah.
b. Perut mengandungi angin.
c. Kurang darah yang disebabkan oleh sistem penghadaman yang kurang sempurna dan mengakibatkan kekurangan zat besi. Sepatutnya diperkuatkan fungsi penghadaman dahulu dengan RG sebelum memakan zat besi.
ii) Bibir kering dan pecah. Perut mengandungi banyak bahan toksin.
6. MULUT DAN LIDAH : Berkaitan dengan fungsi jantung dan sistem pengedaran darah.
i) Lidah atau gusi bengkak, sakit : Menunjukkan jantung mempunyai masalah, seperti lemak yang berlebihan, injap menjadi lemah, saluran koronari tersumbat dan lain-lain lagi.
ii) Lidah, tisu mulut atau gusi menjadi pecah-pecah (ulser). Menandakan darah mengandungi asid berlebihan.
iii) Mulut berbau busuk . Proses penyeimbangan fungsi perut untuk pembuangan toksin.
7. TELINGA: Berkaitan dengan buah pinggang.
i) Telinga terasa tersumbat : Buah pinggang mengandungi toksin berlebihan.
ii) Telinga berdengung : Sedang merawat buah pinggang yang lemah.Biasanya tapak kaki terasa sakit ketika bangun pagi dan sakit itu hilang setelah berjalan-jalan.
8. KULIT Berpeluh :
a) Peluh masin : Badan mengandungi lebihan asid urik.
b) Peluh berbau : Badan menyingkirkan toksin melalui perpeluhan.
9. RUAM DAN BISUL :
Badan menyingkirkan toksin yang berlemak dan toksin yang tidak larut dalam air.
10. KULIT GATAL DENGAN RUAM :
Proses menyingkirkan toksin melalui kulit akibat terlalu banyak memakan ubat yang mengandungi bahan kimia.
11. KULIT PECAH DAN BERAIR :
Proses pembuangan toksin yang larut dalam air.Sapukan serbuk Ganoderma pada kulit berkenaan.
12. RAMBUT GUGUR :
Menandakan fungsi buah pinggang yang lemah. Selepas proses gugur, rambut akan tumbuh semula dengan lebih sihat dan subur.
13. SENDI-SENDI, TANGAN DAN KAKI
a. Sakit Sendi
i) Rasa panas. Menunjukkan terdapat luka di bahagian sendi berkenaan dan tanda- tanda penyakit pirai (gout).
ii) Tidak rasa panas .Tanda-tanda sakit lenguh (rheumatism) .
iii) Sakit di bahagian bahu. Menandakan saluran darah telah menjadi keras dan fungsi metabolisme tidak seimbang.
b) KEBAS TANGAN : Pengaliran darah di bahagian atas badan tidak lancar.
c) KEBAS TANGAN KIRI DAN LENGAN : Tanda-tanda lemah atau sakit jantung. Jika rasa kebas menjadi sakit di bahagian lengan dan kekal di sana , ini menandakan serangan sakit jantung mungkin berlaku.
d) KEBAS KAKI : Pengaliran darah di bahagian bawah badan tidak lancar.
e) SAKIT TAPAK KAKI : Menandakan buah pinggang lemah. Biasanya disebabkan oleh kekurangan senaman dan duduk terlalu lama.
f) SAKIT TUMIT KAKI : Menunjukkan kelemahan fungsi alat kelamin.
g) RASA PANAS DI TAPAK KAKI : Penyeimbangan fungsi buah pinggang akibat lemah tenaga batin.
h) GATAL DI CELAH-CELAH JARI KAKI : Menunjukkan tanda awal penyakit kaki busuk (Hong Kong Foot).
14. TANDA-TANDA DALAMAN
A. KEPALA.
Secara amnya, segala tindak balas yang berlaku di bahagian kepala mempunyai kaitan dengan sistem pengaliran darah, jantung dan saraf otak.
B. PENING/SAKIT DI BAHAGIAN DEPAN KEPALA
Menandakan sakit tekanan jiwa (neurosis) akibat bebanan mental dan banyak berfikir.
C. PENING/SAKIT DI BAHAGIAN BELAKANG KEPALA
i) Bahagian atas . Menunjukkan penyakit tekanan darah tinggi.
ii) Bahagian bawah (tengkuk). Menunjukkan penyakit tekanan darah tinggi atau tekanan darah.
D. SAKIT KEPALA DAN RASA GAS KELUAR DARI TELINGA :Menandakan penyakit migrain.
E. BISUL TERJADI DI KEPALA
Tanda pembuangan toksin sedang berlaku. Kadang-kadang dikaitkan dengan penyakit migrain.
F. RASA PENING YANG MEMUSING
Tanda kurang darah atau pengaliran darah tidak lancar.
15. MULUT/KERONGKONG/ LIDAH
a. LOYA/MUNTAH . Tanda penyakit lelah. Pembuangan bahan toksik dari bahagian perut.
b. MUNTAH DARAH
i) Darah merah : Pembuangan tisu yang sudah rosak di bahagian kerongkong dan
ii) Darah hitam: Pembuangan tisu yang sudah rosak di bahagian perut; misalnya penyakit ulser.
16. LIDAH RASA TEGANG DAN PENDEK : Tanda sakit jantung.
17. KELUAR AIR LIUR YANG PEKAT .
Proses pembuangan toksin dari kerongkong akibat jangkitan kuman
18. KENCING
a) KERAP KENCING ; Menunjukkan buah pinggang mengandungi kotoran yang
b) AIR KENCING BERKAPUR Menunjukkan penyakit batu karang dalam buah pinggang.
c) AIR KENCING BERMINYAK : Menunjukkan buah pinggang mengandungi kotoran berlemak.
d) AIR KENCING PEKAT BERWARNA COKLAT : Menandakan proses pembuangan toksin sedang berlaku.
e) AIR KENCING BERDARAH : Penyakit batu karang atau buah pinggang luka.
19. BUANG AIR BESAR
a) CIRIT-BIRIT/ KERAP BUANG AIR BESAR : Membersihkan kotoran/keracunan dari usus besar. Cirit-birit dengan serta merta selepas memakan RG, menandakan penyakit barah di bahagian usus besar.
b) SEMBELIT: Membersihkan toksin dari usus kecil.
c) NAJIS BERDARAH
i) Darah merah : Masalah penyakit buasir atau barah di bahagian usus.
ii) Darah hitam: Masalah penyakit ulser perut.
d) NAJIS BERWARNA HITAM : Menunjukkan proses pembuangan toksin di bahagian usus sedang berlaku.
20. BADAN
a) RASA SAKIT : Secara amnya, segala kesakitan badan adalah disebabkan saluran darah.
i) Sakit menyucuk : Proses menyeimbangkan urat saraf.
ii) Sakit sengal: Menandakan luka di dalam badan.
iii) Sakit menyentap: Proses menyeimbangkan urat saraf yang berkaitan dengan organ-organ badan.
iv) Sakit menegang : Proses melancarkan pengaliran darah.
b) BADAN TERASA BERAT/ MALAS/ LENGUH . Badan mengandungi asid yang berlebihan. Proses penyeimbangan
c) BADAN TERASA PANAS . Badan mengandungi asid yang berlebihan. Ini menandakan badan memerlukan banyak air untuk menjalankan proses pembuangan toksin.
d) BADAN TERASA RINGAN : Menandakan badan segar dan proses awet muda sedang berlaku.
21. RASA TAKUT MENGEJUT :
Lemah fungsi buah pinggang. Tenaga batin lemah.
22. CEPAT NAIK DARAH/MARAH : Fungsi hati lemah. Tekanan darah tinggi.
23. RASA BIMBANG DAN TAKUT : Sistem paru-paru yang lemah.
24. RASA SERONOK ATAU BIMBANG TANPA SEBAB :
i) Sistem jantung yang lemah.
ii) Sistem saraf otak yang lemah.
iii) Masalah pengaliran darah.
25. SUKA BERFIKIR DAN BERKHAYAL : Sistem penghadaman yang lemah.
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